Sustainability is one of the most influential trends in the history of North American building and design. It is shaped around common-sense ideals — striving towards the design and construction of buildings that will last longer and have a low impact on the environment. These buildings will also provide a healthy and comfortable interior for occupants and operate with the use of less energy, benefiting both the environment and the building owner, who will have lower utility bills as a result. All of these benefits have begun to resonate with the general public, as well as building and design professionals, who are helping to carry the sustainability message all throughout Canada and the United States.

For green building to continue to prosper, builders and designers must be environmentally responsible in their actions, as well as their words. There are many ways to meet the needs of a sustainableminded public; however, three really stand out—building to (and exceeding) green standards, using building products with many green attributes, and recycling jobsite waste.

Green Building Standards

One of the best ways for builders and designers to make their work more sustainable is to follow national green building standards, such as LEED® Canada, and aim for high levels of certification. LEED certified buildings are designed to use resources more efficiently when compared to conventional buildings, which are often simply built to national and provincial code. Employing such important concepts as energy and water efficiency and moisture management in their design, LEED certified buildings often provide healthier work and living environments. This, in turn, contributes to higher productivity and improved occupant health and comfort.

Most importantly, green building standards help lay the groundwork for building and design professionals, providing several guidelines to show what goes into creating a sustainable building. Some of the most important guidance involves requirements and recommendations for building materials with the greenest attributes.

Green Building Products

Doing in-depth research during the specification process to find building products with green attributes is a very important step in designing a sustainable building. It is also recommended to think systemically, planning out how building components will work together as a system to produce the most sustainable results. When researching individual products, there are some key questions to ask:

Will it help make the building more energy-efficient?

Does the product’s manufacturing reduce demand on virgin resources?

What is the product’s recycled content? Is it recyclable at the end of its installed life?

Does it contain an unsafe level of volatile organic compounds (VOC)?

Does the product have a high performance rating for its intended function? Is it fireresistant? Is it moisture-resistant?

In the realm of walls and ceilings, there is a variety of products that are often specified for building projects. For example, take a look at a typical wall assembly. Fibreglass batt and loose-fill insulation are often used in sustainable building projects, as they increase thermal efficiency, are fireresistant, do not absorb moisture, and are usually made with a combination of rapidly renewable natural resources and recycled glass (low usage of virgin materials). For moisture management, fibreglass insulation is typically paired with a vapour barrier — usually polyethylene or a newly available nylon smart vapour barrier film. Both work to keep the wall cavity dry by blocking the strong seasonal moisture drive from the building’s interior. The smart vapour barrier also increases the cavity’s drying potential if it should get wet—thereby reducing the risk of mould growth, a significant concern in sustainable projects.

For interior walls, the most common choice is gypsum, which is manufactured from naturally occurring materials, has natural fire-resistance properties and is recyclable. In addition to standard paper-faced gypsum board, there are now treated gypsum board products available that increase sustainability. Some of these products offer enhanced moisture resistance for moistureheavy areas of a building, while others are non-combustible, making them ideal for stairwells and other areas of a building that demand protection from fires.

For sustainable ceilings, it’s often a good idea to consider fibreglass ceiling panels, because of their many performance benefits. Fibreglass is a low-density material. Fibreglass ceiling panels have an unusually high resistance to humidity. They have a “Class A” flame spread, offer high sound absorption, and can provide an extremely high recycled content. Many of today’s fibreglass ceiling panels also have a high light-reflective finish that enables more daylighting of interiors. This can allow a substantial reduction of the light fixtures required to illuminate a workspace.

Most building product manufacturers have worked hard in recent years to reduce the VOC emissions of their products to very low levels. However, it is still important to check individual product data to be certain. GREENGUARD Certification from the GREENGUARD Environmental Institute is one resource for determining if a product’s VOC levels are within acceptable limits.

Recycling Jobsite Waste

For years, contractors have removed old building components from jobsites and taken them to landfills, where they occupy large amounts of space. Sustainable builders, however, recycle as much construction waste as possible, diverting it from the landfill. Most of today’s building product manufacturers have drop-off sites for construction waste recycling and use the recycled material to make new products of equal or nearly equal quality. Gypsum board, fibreglass, and mineral fiber ceiling panels, or any metal or vinyl components are easily recycled and reused. Conclusion By building and retrofitting more sustainably, building and design professionals are producing longer-lasting structures with a greatly reduced impact on the environment. As more contractors and specifiers join the sustainability cause, the message will continue to spread, helping us to preserve the environment for many generations to come. CWCJ

Stanley D. Gatland II is the manager of building science technology for CertainTeed Corporation. He is responsible for generating and providing technical information to architects, engineers, builders, trade contractors, building envelope consultants, building scientists, and building code officials on the system performance of new and existing building envelope materials, as well as building science educational training. He can be reached via email at <stanley.d.gatland@saint-gobain.com>.